ArticleJournal of thoracic disease2026
Rehabilitative intervention of frailty for patients with chronic respiratory disease (REINFORCE study): research protocol for a multicentre, randomised controlled trial.
Article in Journal of thoracic disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation, primarily with exercise training, is well-established for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, rehabilitative intervention specifically targeting physical frailty in patients with chronic respiratory disease (CRD) remains unexplored. This study evaluates a rehabilitative intervention for frailty in older patients with CRDs (REINFORCE), including various lung diseases. Methods: This multicentre, prospective, randomised, controlled trial will enrol 184 patients with CRD. Patients will undergo a 4-week programme focused on addressing declined physical functions, as measured by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) items such as balance, walking, and/or sit-to-stand chair test. The primary outcome is the change in daily step count as a physical activity measure before and after the programme between the two groups. Secondary outcomes include changes in the SPPB score, peripheral muscle strength (handgrip and quadriceps), 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), and health-related quality of life (HRQL) scores at 4 weeks and 1 year. Discussion: The REINFORCE study is designed to be one of the first randomised trials targeting frailty in CRD and aims to explore the feasibility and potential benefit of a novel intervention to improve physical activity levels. Trial Registration: This randomised controlled trial was prospectively registered with the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR) under the registration number UMIN000053979 on June 1, 2024.
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