Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42306341›Full record

ArticleAdvances in medical education and practice2026

Use of "R&R" for Medical Students and Physicians with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Conceptual Framework.

David S Im, Carrie M Tamarelli

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advances in medical education and practice, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

David S ImDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0824-5806
Carrie M TamarelliDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6651-4130

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is an increasingly recognized yet under-addressed challenge within the medical profession, affecting medical students and physicians (including residents and faculty). While current literature emphasizes high rates of depression, anxiety, and burnout in these groups, ADHD - despite its persistence into adulthood and its impact on academic, clinical, and interpersonal functioning - receives comparatively less attention. Reported ADHD prevalence among medical students, residents, and practicing physicians varies widely and may be underestimated due to stigma, underreporting, and diagnostic bias. Untreated ADHD can hinder academic performance, impede residency matching, threaten patient care, and worsen mental health. In prior work, we introduced the 5-Minute Video Summary (5MVS), a multisensory, five-minute physician-narrated video that distills a scientific article's key findings while also commenting on strengths and limitations using varied visuals and vocal delivery to support attention and retention. The present manuscript conceptually extends this ADHD-supportive, technology-enabled approach "upstream" to the foundational task the 5MVS depends on: completing the initial reading of scientific literature. We introduce "Record and Read" (R&R), a self-implemented strategy that leverages auditory reinforcement and the production effect. Learners record themselves reading an article aloud, then listen to the recording while following along and highlighting salient points. R&R is intended to reduce procrastination, increase sustained engagement, and improve comprehension for medical students and physicians with ADHD, potentially offering flexibility and independence, though technological access and stamina demands may pose barriers. While we propose R&R as a complementary tool for medical students and physicians with ADHD to promote both engagement with full-text articles and efficient consolidation, this approach has yet to be systematically studied via pilot, acceptability, or feasibility testing - underscoring its need for empirical evaluation.

Indexed as

attention deficit hyperactivity disorderinnovative educational toolmedical educationmedical learnerphysicianscientific article reading

Identifiers

PMID42306341
PMCPMC13267829

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.