Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42306076›Full record

ArticleLancet regional health. Americas2026

Health factors, stigma, and psychosocial resources associated with self-rated health: a cross-sectional analysis of the People Living with HIV Stigma Index 2.0 in Bolivia.

Jason M Lo Hog Tian, Mary Anne E Roach, Carrie Lyons, Katherine Rucinski, Amrita Rao, John Mark Wiginton, Sarah M Murray, Kaitlyn Atkins, Gnilane Turpin, Virginia Hilaquita Soto and 5 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Lancet regional health. Americas, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Jason M Lo Hog TianDepartment of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Mary Anne E RoachDepartment of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Carrie LyonsDepartment of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Katherine RucinskiDepartment of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Amrita RaoDepartment of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
John Mark WigintonDepartment of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Sarah M MurrayDepartment of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Kaitlyn AtkinsDepartment of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Gnilane TurpinDepartment of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.
Virginia Hilaquita SotoBolivian Network of People Living with HIV (REDBOL), Bolivia.
Julio César Aguilera HurtadoBolivian Network of People Living with HIV (REDBOL), Bolivia.
José Willan Montaño FerrelBolivian Network of People Living with HIV (REDBOL), Bolivia.
Martin NegreteFundación Vencer, Asunción, Paraguay.
Keren DunawayInternational Community of Women Living with HIV (ICW), London, UK.
Stefan D BaralDepartment of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.

Funding

Implementation Research to Optimize ART Delivery for Adolescents and Young Adults Living with HIVK01MH129226 · NIMH · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Katherine B Rucinski · 2022 to 2026
$792k
NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH129226
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: As HIV has become an increasingly manageable health condition, improving quality of life for people living with HIV has been recognized as central to an effective HIV response. Self-rated health is a widely used, validated indicator of overall health and quality of life, yet factors shaping self-rated health among people living with HIV in Bolivia and across Latin America remain understudied. Methods: We analyzed data (n = 900) from the People Living with HIV Stigma Index in Bolivia conducted between June and December 2022. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess how sociodemographic characteristics, health factors, stigma, and psychosocial resources were associated with self-rated health. Findings: Participants were an average of 35 years of age and identified as cisgender men (61%, n = 546), cisgender women (34%, n = 303), or transgender/non-binary (6%, n = 51). Fewer than half of participants rated their health as good (n = 384, 43%). In multivariate models, higher educational attainment (OR: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.65), being virally suppressed (OR: 1.78; 95% CI: 1.14, 2.78), and greater HIV resilience (OR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.39, 2.64) were significantly associated with increased odds of good self-rated health. Conversely, having comorbid health conditions (OR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.77) and greater internalized stigma (OR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.90) were associated with lower odds of good self-rated health. Interpretation: In addition to ensuring viral suppression, HIV programs and clinics must prioritize screening for and addressing comorbidities including cooccurring infections, mental health conditions, and noncommunicable diseases within environments free of stigma. Addressing internalized stigma and strengthening HIV-specific resilience may be critical for improving quality of life and supporting sustained engagement in HIV treatment and long-term well-being. Funding: This study was funded by the National Institute of Mental Health including R01MH140784 and the Center for HIV and Mental Health Stigma Elimination Strategies (CHIMES, P30MH136919), the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI170249), the Global Fund country grant and regional project of the Alianza en Positivo (ALEP), the Bolivian Ministry of Health, and UNAIDS. KR was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health (K01MH129226). The funders had no role in the study design; collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication.

Indexed as

ComorbiditiesHIVLatin AmericaQuality of lifeSelf-rated healthStigma

Identifiers

PMID42306076
PMCPMC13266133

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.