Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42305735›Full record

ArticleIJTLD open2026

National TB cohort review evaluation: insights for control strategies in low-incidence settings.

T D Barry, J Underwood, M Backx, M Brouns, A Story, G Lowe, L Weeks, Y Hester, P Lloyd, R Bunce and 10 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in IJTLD open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

T D BarryDivision of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2147-7791
J UnderwoodDivision of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6963-2821
M BackxDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4162-4405
M BrounsDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Abergavenny, UK.
A StoryUCL Collaborative Centre for Inclusion Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0482-8998
G LoweCommunicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, UK.
L WeeksDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK.
Y HesterDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK.
P LloydDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Wrexham, UK.
R BunceDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Abergavenny, UK.
L JohnstoneDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK.
P PallmannCentre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8274-9696
E Thomas-JonesCentre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7716-2786
N MurrayDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Cwm Taf University Health Board, Llantrisant, UK.
K JonesDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Hywel Dda University Health Board, Carmarthen, UK.
D R ThomasCommunicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2426-5893
G AhernCommunicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, UK.
K MettersCommunicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, UK.
J SmithCommunicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Public Health Wales, Cardiff, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7671-104X
S M BarryDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0348-8123

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTB cohort review is a structured clinical audit of case management and epidemiological data. In 2012, Wales (UK) implemented a national cohort review programme to improve clinical outcomes and enhance public health surveillance.

methodsRetrospective population-based cohort analysis of care quality outcomes for all notified TB cases in Wales (2012-2022). Adjusted regression modelling assessed temporal trends post-implementation and compared outcomes of cases presented at TB cohort review with those not presented.

resultsOf the 1,175 notified TB cases over the study period, 985 (83.1%) were presented at cohort review. Many case management outcomes achieved near-target thresholds. Adherence support was increasingly targeted at index cases with social complexity and higher transmission risk, alongside substantial improvements in the completeness of surveillance data. Persistent programmatic challenges in contact identification and assessment were identified.

conclusionAs countries approach pre-elimination thresholds, TB services must ensure rigorous surveillance data collection and targeting of limited resources to populations at greatest risk of transmission and non-completion of treatment. Since implementing a national TB cohort review in Wales, there have been significant post-implementation improvements in care outcomes. This provides a robust, resource-efficient framework for TB control that could be applied to other similarly resourced low-incidence countries.

Indexed as

cohort reviewcontrol programmelow incidencesurveillancetuberculosis

Identifiers

PMID42305735
PMCPMC13268076

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.