ArticleIJTLD open2026
Resistance to anti-TB drugs: evaluation of universal resistance surveillance implementation in Chile.
Article in IJTLD open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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10 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundTB remains a public health challenge in Chile, where all bacteriologically confirmed TB cases are tested for drug susceptibility at the National Reference Laboratory of the Instituto de Salud Pública (ISP).
objectiveWe evaluated the impact of implementing universal surveillance for rifampicin and isoniazid resistance in Chile and described resistance profiles and epidemiological factors.
designRetrospective analysis of drug susceptibility testing (DST) results from
resultsAmong 44,800 isolates analysed, 911 had first-line resistance to isoniazid or rifampicin: 377 showed isoniazid monoresistance, 155 rifampicin monoresistance, 378 multidrug resistance, and one extensively drug-resistant case. Detection of resistant cases increased after universal surveillance (incidence rate ratio = 3.592,
conclusionUniversal surveillance improved detection of drug-resistant TB in Chile, supporting its value for timely treatment adaptation and targeted public health strategies, especially in high-risk demographic and geographic groups.
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