Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42305655›Full record

ArticleRevista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health2026

[Commercially available complementary foods in Argentina and Mexico: An analysis of their nutritional composition, labeling, and promotionAlimentos complementares comercializados na Argentina e no México: análise da composição nutricional, rotulagem e promoção].

María Elisa Zapata, Paula Veliz, Alicia Rovirosa, María Celeste Nessier, Verónica Risso Patrón, Cecilia De Bustos, Evelyn Gitz, Eric Crosbie

Abstract readEnglish Abstract
In one paragraph

Article in Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

María Elisa ZapataCentro de Estudios sobre Nutrición Infantil Dr. Alejandro O'Donnell (CESNI) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina Centro de Estudios sobre Nutrición Infantil Dr. Alejandro O'Donnell (CESNI), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Paula VelizUNICEF Nueva York Estados Unidos de América UNICEF, Nueva York, Estados Unidos de América.
Alicia RovirosaCentro de Estudios sobre Nutrición Infantil Dr. Alejandro O'Donnell (CESNI) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina Centro de Estudios sobre Nutrición Infantil Dr. Alejandro O'Donnell (CESNI), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
María Celeste NessierCentro de Estudios sobre Nutrición Infantil Dr. Alejandro O'Donnell (CESNI) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina Centro de Estudios sobre Nutrición Infantil Dr. Alejandro O'Donnell (CESNI), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Verónica Risso PatrónUNICEF Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina UNICEF, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Cecilia De BustosUNICEF Ciudad de México México UNICEF, Ciudad de México, México.
Evelyn GitzGlobal Health Advocacy Incubator Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires Argentina Global Health Advocacy Incubator, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Eric CrosbieUniversidad de Nevada Reno Estados Unidos de América Universidad de Nevada, Reno, Estados Unidos de América.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: To characterize commercially available complementary foods (CACFs) sold in Argentina and Mexico and analyze their alignment with a nutrient and promotion profile model (NPPM) designed and adapted for Latin America and the Caribbean. Methods: This was a descriptive study of all CACFs available in Argentina and Mexico in 2025. Data were collected from product labels and evaluated for compliance with the NPPM, which defines criteria for nutritional composition, presence of non-nutritive additives, and processing level, as well as requirements for promotional practices. Results: Overall, 17 CACFs were found in Argentina and 234 in Mexico. None of the CACFs marketed in Argentina and only 5% of those marketed in Mexico met all of the nutritional criteria of the NPPM. The results showed that added sugars were frequently present and that, given their high total sugar content, these products should carry a front-of-package warning label. None of the purée-style baby foods specified a maximum age recommendation. In addition, 65% of CACFs marketed in Argentina and 47% of those marketed in Mexico were classified as ultraprocessed. None of the products met the NPPM requirements regarding promotion, primarily due to the absence of warnings against sucking directly from the spout of pouch-type containers, the omission of messages promoting and protecting breastfeeding, and the presence of health, nutrition, or marketing claims and other commercial statements. Conclusions: These findings underscore the need to strengthen public policies - particularly from a regulatory standpoint - aimed at improving the nutritional composition of processed foods and preventing misleading promotional and labeling practices.

Indexed as

Argentinafood labelingfood, processedInfant foodmarketingMexiconutrients

Identifiers

PMID42305655
PMCPMC13267755

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.