ArticleTranslational cancer research2026
Identification of prognostic immune-related genes and evaluation of chemotherapy and immunotherapy responses in pancreatic cancer.
Article in Translational cancer research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a dense extracellular matrix and a complex tumor microenvironment, which contribute to poor prognosis and limited response to anti-tumor therapies. Although immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy, only a subset of patients derives clinical benefit. Therefore, identifying reliable biomarkers to predict prognosis and therapeutic response remains an urgent need. This study aims to systematically screen and evaluate key immune-related genes associated with the prognosis and immunotherapeutic response of PDAC, in order to identify reliable biomarkers and provide potential targets for personalized treatment. Methods: In this study, five gene expression datasets of PDAC were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and integrated for analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were used to identify key immune-related genes. Cox regression analysis was performed to screen prognostic genes, and the results were validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. The predictive performance of candidate genes was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and concordance index (C-index). Immune cell infiltration was analyzed using Cell-Type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT). In addition, an independent clinical cohort of 132 PDAC patients was included for validation using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Results: Integrin subunit alpha 3 (ITGA3) was identified as the only independent prognostic immune-related gene and exhibited superior predictive performance compared to conventional clinical variables. Immune infiltration analysis in both GEO and TCGA cohorts revealed that PDAC patients with high ITGA3 expression showed increased macrophage infiltration and decreased B cell and CD8 Conclusions: ITGA3 is a promising immune-related biomarker for predicting prognosis and therapeutic response in PDAC and may provide a potential target for personalized treatment strategies.
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