ArticleArchives of medical science : AMS2026
Diagnostic value of cerebrospinal fluid chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) levels for viral and autoimmune encephalitis.
Article in Archives of medical science : AMS, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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11 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) has been reported to be a valuable diagnostic biomarker in Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB). However, its utility in the diagnostics of viral and autoimmune (AE) encephalitis still remains unclear. Material and methods: We measured CXCL13 concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples collected from 21 patients with viral encephalitis (17 cases of herpes simplex viral (HSV) and 4 of enteroviral (EV) encephalitis) and 6 patients with AE (5 subjects with antibodies anti-NMDAR and 1 with anti-GABA) and compared them to those found in patients with LNB (7 subjects) and multiple sclerosis (8 cases) as well as ten control subjects without neuroinflammation. Results: Patients with neuroinflammation had a mean level of CXCL13-CSF of 105 pg/ml compared to 29 pg/ml in controls. The highest mean level of CXCL13 in CSF was detected in LNB patients (233 pg/ml), and the lowest in controls (29 pg/ml). Significant upregulation of CXCL13-CSF levels in LNB patients was observed in comparison to viral encephalitis and MS patients as well as controls. A positive correlation between elevated chemokine levels and cell count in CSF was found in all patients ( Conclusions: The findings support the utility of CXCL13 measurements in CSF for LNB diagnosis. No specific patterns in CXCL13-CSF levels were associated with viral or autoimmune encephalitis.
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