Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42304608›Full record

ReviewBrain and behavior2026

Sleep Disturbances Among Yazidi Survivors of the ISIS Genocide: Epidemiology, Neuropsychology, and Culturally Sensitive Interventions.

Jan Ilhan Kizilhan, Zelal Ag, Qanta A Ahmed, Alon Y Avidan

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Brain and behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jan Ilhan KizilhanInstitute For Transcultural Health Science, Cooperative State University, Stuttgart, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2925-101X
Zelal AgInstitute For Transcultural Health Science, Cooperative State University, Stuttgart, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1988-2646
Qanta A AhmedDepartment of Medicine, Associate Professor of Medicine (Clinical) NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, New York, USA.
Alon Y AvidanDepartment of Neurology and Sleep Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8817-6590

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Yazidi community endured an unprecedented genocide by the Islamic State (ISIS) in August 2014, resulting in mass killings, kinocide, abductions, ongoing disappearances, and sexual enslavement. The intense trauma led to high prevalence rates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and profound sleep disturbances. This comprehensive article integrates epidemiological data, neurobiological mechanisms, and clinical case reports to elucidate sleep disorders among Yazidi survivors. We detail the historical context, transgenerational trauma, specific sleep-related pathologies (insomnia, nightmares, parasomnias, and disrupted circadian rhythms), neurobiological underpinnings, cultural factors, and evidence-based interventions (e.g., Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET); Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I)). Furthermore, we discuss the establishment and role of the Institute for Psychotherapy and Psychotraumatology (IPP) at the University of Duhok, outline barriers to care, and propose future research directions and policy recommendations.

Indexed as

GenocideSleep Wake DisordersStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticSurvivorsCognitive Behavioral TherapyDreamsHumansIslamcultural psychiatryinsomniaNarrative Exposure TherapynightmaresPTSDsleep disturbancesYazidi genocide

Identifiers

PMID42304608
PMCPMC13272635

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.