ReviewChinese medical journal2026
Application of hydrogel technologies in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders.
Review in Chinese medical journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
abstractMusculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) represent a diverse group of conditions affecting bones, cartilage, intervertebral discs, tendons, muscles, and related structures, and continue to be a leading cause of global disability. Despite advancements in surgery and pharmacotherapy, issues such as incomplete regeneration, limited longevity, and procedure-related complications remain unresolved. As a result, hydrogel technologies have garnered increasing attention due to their hydrated three-dimensional networks, customizable mechanical properties, and extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicking features. Hydrogels have been developed in various forms, including injectable systems, scaffolds, and patches, to facilitate tissue regeneration, deliver bioactive molecules, modulate inflammation, and provide mechanical or interfacial support. This review comprehensively examines recent advancements in hydrogel technologies for MSD treatment, focusing on bone and cartilage repair, osteoarthritis management, intervertebral disc regeneration, tendon and muscle healing, and spinal dural repair. It covers laboratory studies, preclinical animal trials, and clinically approved or translational products. By critically evaluating representative materials, design strategies, and disease-specific requirements, this review highlights the therapeutic potential and translational barriers of current hydrogel systems. Challenges such as mechanical durability, spatiotemporal control of bioactivity, scalable manufacturing, and clinically relevant evaluation are addressed, providing insights into the development of next-generation hydrogels for MSDs.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.