Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42304505›Full record

ArticleBMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation2026

The Detroit Public Schools Health Corps: a student-led model for delivering sideline and preventive sports medicine in underserved communities.

David Abdelnour, Alqasim Elnaggar, Julian D Johnson, Rumyah Rafique, Marley Sternberg, Sara Naessig, Audrey Millar, Faith Scott, Ashley Frei, Jack Mao and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

David Abdelnour *Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA. abdelnourdavid@gmail.com.
Alqasim Elnaggar *Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA.
Julian D JohnsonDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA.
Rumyah RafiqueDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA.
Marley SternbergDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA.
Sara NaessigDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA.
Audrey MillarDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA.
Faith ScottDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA.
Ashley FreiDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA.
Jack MaoDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA.
Detroit Public Schools Health Corps
Andrew GuptaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, USA.
Diane LevineDivision of General Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA.
Rahul VaidyaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundResource-limited school districts often lack athletic trainers and real-time medical support during sports events, placing student-athletes at risk for improper care. The Detroit Public School Health Corps (DPSHC), a medical student-led initiative, was developed to fill this need through supervised sideline coverage by trained medical students. This study evaluates the program's first full year of implementation.

methodsThe authors analyzed injury encounters during the 2024-2025 academic year across 280 athletic events at 16 Detroit public high schools. Thirty-one medical student volunteers, known as Health Leaders (HLs), received 12 h of standardized training in emergency triage, musculoskeletal assessment, concussion management, and Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation (SBAR) communication. HLs were supported by attending physicians in pediatrics, sports medicine, and orthopedics, with real-time support available via phone for clinical decision-making. Post-event documentation captured injury characteristics, mechanism, anatomical location, clinical assessment findings, triage decisions, and athlete disposition. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize injury frequency, type, and clinical outcomes.

resultsA total of 89 injury encounters were documented, with lower extremity injuries being most common (56.2%), followed by head and neck injuries (23.6%). Over half (56.2%) of the injuries were fully managed on-site; 22.4% were referred for outpatient follow-up and 11.2% required emergency care. Only five athletes were transported by Emergency Medical Services.

conclusionsThe DPSHC model demonstrates a feasible, cost-effective approach to expanding on-field sports medicine care in medically underserved school systems. The initiative provided timely care, enhanced safety, and offered meaningful clinical exposure for medical students. With appropriate training and oversight, medical students can help address systemic gaps in secondary school athletic healthcare. This model may be replicable in other resource-limited settings.

Indexed as

Medical student educationProgram evaluationSchool athleticsSideline careUnderserved communities

Identifiers

PMID42304505
PMCPMC13551722

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.