Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42304196›Full record

ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026

Type 2 Diabetes Is Associated With Increased Complications and Mortality After Hip Fracture in Older Adults Aged 60 Years or Older.

Xincheng Zou, Manju Chandran, Xi Xiong, Chi-Ho Lee, Wing-Sun Chow, Carol H Y Fong, Lawrence C M Lau, Ka-Shing Cheung, Carlos K H Wong, Kathryn C B Tan and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Xincheng ZouDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID 0009-0009-5757-5482
Manju ChandranOsteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Xi XiongDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9418-7448
Chi-Ho LeeDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7569-409X
Wing-Sun ChowDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Carol H Y FongDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Lawrence C M LauDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2245-9627
Ka-Shing CheungDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0002-4838-378X
Carlos K H WongSchool of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0002-6895-6071
Kathryn C B TanDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9037-0416
Yu-Cho WooDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9559-3467
Karen S L LamDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0001-5757-541X
David T W LuiDepartment of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.ORCID 0000-0002-9813-1126

Funding

Health and Medical Research Fund 20211971
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsType 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with increased hip fracture risk. We evaluated the impact of T2D on post-hip fracture outcomes, which is less well described. MATERIALS AND

methodsIndividuals aged ≥ 60 years hospitalised for hip fractures between 2011 and 2020 were identified from the territory-wide electronic health records of Hong Kong and stratified by their diabetes status at the time of hip fractures. Individuals were followed up from day of admission to outcomes, death, or December 2023, whichever was earlier. Outcomes included in-hospital complications, in-hospital and 1-year mortality, length of hospitalisation, costs, anti-osteoporosis treatment rate and recurrent fractures. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to identify the independent associations between diabetes and various outcomes. We further analysed the subgroup with undiagnosed diabetes for its impact on post-hip fracture outcomes.

resultsWe identified 52 472 individuals who sustained hip fractures (34.6% had pre-existing diabetes). T2D was independently associated with more cardiovascular, kidney and infective complications during hospitalisation (all p < 0.001), and higher 1-year mortality (adjusted HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.04-1.13). While in-hospital mortality and length of stay were not significantly different, hospitalisation costs were 4.6% higher in T2D (p < 0.001). Individuals with undiagnosed diabetes showed even higher risks of in-hospital complications and mortality, along with 24.5% higher costs (p < 0.001). T2D did not influence the rate of anti-osteoporosis treatment or recurrent fracture risks.

conclusionsT2D was associated with worse post-hip fracture outcomes and increased healthcare burdens. Early T2D diagnosis and management, coupled with early attention to bone fragility in T2D, is warranted.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Hip FracturesAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHong KongHospitalizationHospital MortalityHumansMaleMiddle AgedOsteoporosisRisk Factorsdiabetes mellitusepidemiologyfracturesosteoporosis

Identifiers

PMID42304196
PMCPMC13448971

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.