ArticleHypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension2026
Aldosterone excess, blood pressure control, and kidney outcomes in chronic kidney disease: findings from the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center-High Risk (CMERC-HI) Study.
Article in Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Blood pressure (BP) control in chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains suboptimal despite renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade, contributing to disease progression. This study examined associations of relative aldosterone excess (RAE) with BP control and kidney outcomes in CKD. 745 patients with CKD from the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center-High Risk (2013-2024) Study were analyzed. BP control status was defined by ambulatory BP: uncontrolled BP (UBP, ≥125/75 mmHg with <3 AHAs or <4 AHAs without diuretics), apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH, ≥125/75 mmHg with ≥3 AHAs including diuretics or ≥4 AHAs), and controlled BP (CBP, <125/75 mmHg with <4 AHAs). RAE was defined as baseline serum aldosterone ≥ 10 ng/dL with aldosterone to renin ratio ≥30 despite RAS inhibition. The primary kidney outcome was a composite of ≥40% decline in eGFR, new onset eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m
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