Effects of post-activation performance enhancement on tennis serve velocity and accuracy.

Wenlai Cui, Yujian Deng, Wenbo Zhang, Bo Pang

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Wenlai CuiSchool of Police Law Enforcement Abilities Training, People's Public Security University of China, Beijing, China.

Yujian DengSchool of Police Law Enforcement Abilities Training, People's Public Security University of China, Beijing, China.

Wenbo ZhangSchool of Recreation and Community Sport, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, No. 11 West Beisanhuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.

Bo PangSchool of Recreation and Community Sport, Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, No. 11 West Beisanhuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China. pangbo2015@cupes.edu.cn.

Funding

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 2026JKF02SK10the National Team Scientific Research Key Project 24KJCX003

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study systematically compared the effects of different activation sites and modes on serve velocity (SV) and serve accuracy (SA) across multiple time windows to clarify the time course and practical significance of post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE). A 3 (activation site: upper limb, lower limb, full body) × 2 (activation mode: ballistic training, BT; high-resistance training, HRT) × 6 (time: PRE, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 min) design was employed. SV was analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA, and SA, which did not meet normality assumptions, was analyzed with generalized estimating equations (GEE). Percentage changes (Δ%) were calculated for confirmatory analysis. SV showed significant main effects of time (F = 212.33, p < 0.001, η

Indexed as

Athletic PerformanceTennisFemaleHumansResistance TrainingUpper ExtremityActivation modeActivation sitePAPEServe accuracyServe velocity

Identifiers

PMID42304072

DOI10.1038/s41598-026-58231-5

PMCPMC13538706

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.