ArticleScientific reports2026
Exploring the link between diabetes duration and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to examine the association between diabetes duration and major cardiovascular outcomes, including coronary artery disease (CAD), congestive heart failure (CHF), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), and peripheral arterial disease (PAD), among Thai adults with T2DM using nationwide data from 2018. This cross-sectional study utilized data from the "Assessment in Quality of Care among Patients Receiving a Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension Visiting the Ministry of Public Health and Bangkok Metropolitan Administration Hospital" database in Thailand. Adult patients aged ≥ 18 years with T2DM were included, and those without documented diabetes duration were excluded. Diabetes duration was stratified into four groups: <5 years, 5-9 years, 10-14 years, and ≥ 15 years. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between diabetes duration and cardiovascular outcomes after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and glycemic control. Among 34,131 participants, the overall prevalence of CAD, CHF, CVA, and PAD was 1.9%, 0.8%, 1.5%, and 0.3%, respectively. Compared with a diabetes duration of < 5 years, a duration of ≥ 15 years was associated with higher odds of CAD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.38-2.34), CHF (AOR 2.34, 95% CI 1.60-3.44), and PAD (AOR 6.47, 95% CI 3.09-13.58), whereas no significant association was observed for CVA. These findings suggest a cross-sectional association between longer diabetes duration and a higher prevalence of certain cardiovascular diseases, particularly CAD, CHF, and PAD, among adults with T2DM. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm causality and to guide clinical interventions targeting cardiovascular risk in this population.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.