Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42301451›Full record

ArticleSurgical endoscopy2026

What are the ethical, legal and social considerations for recording, sharing and utilizing surgical videos? A thematic analysis and framework to guide stakeholders.

Hillary Lia, Yao Liu, Caterina Masino, Prakash Gatta, Maria S Altieri, Alexander Langerman, Amin Madani

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Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hillary LiaSurgical Artificial Intelligence Research Academy, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst St. Main Pavilion, Toronto, ON, 13MP-312BM5T 2S8, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4775-0987
Yao LiuDepartment of Surgery, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Caterina MasinoSurgical Artificial Intelligence Research Academy, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst St. Main Pavilion, Toronto, ON, 13MP-312BM5T 2S8, Canada.
Prakash GattaDepartment of Surgery, Texas Health Resources, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
Maria S AltieriDepartment of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Alexander LangermanVanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Amin MadaniSurgical Artificial Intelligence Research Academy, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst St. Main Pavilion, Toronto, ON, 13MP-312BM5T 2S8, Canada. amin.madani@uhn.ca.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionSurgical videos have tremendous value for education, research, quality improvement and innovation. Yet, recording, storing, sharing and utilizing this form of data are fraught with challenges. This study aims to produce a roadmap for stakeholders to conceptualize key ethical, legal, and social considerations for acquiring and engaging with surgical videos within their institution and in collaboration with external companies. The resulting framework is rooted in the experiences and perspectives of surgeons and industry professionals.

methodsAn international cohort of 38 surgeons and medical device industry members participated in focus group discussion to reflect on their experiences with navigating surgical data recording policy within their institution and in partnership with external parties. Transcripts from the focus group discussions were coded using inductive and deductive thematic analysis to develop a framework of participants' experiences.

resultsKey issues of ethical, intellectual property and legal considerations were identified that transcended any institution or jurisdiction. Participants reported little to no existence or awareness of institutional policies surrounding issues of ownership and commercialization. We summarize considerations related to patient and personnel consent, ethical principles, and data storage, security, access, and ownership. Our framework guides stakeholders stepwise through key issues, with recommendations and considerations to protect all involved parties.

conclusionA framework was developed to guide surgeons, institutions and industry partners through key considerations when acquiring surgical videos for various applications. There is a strong need for additional guidelines on the recording, sharing and use of surgical video data to ensure fairness and safety for patients, staff, and external partners.

Indexed as

Information DisseminationVideo RecordingConfidentialityFocus GroupsHumansInformed ConsentIntellectual PropertyOwnershipArtificial intelligenceAssessmentComputer visionQuality improvementSurgical coachingSurgical dataSurgical educationSurgical video

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.