Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42299273›Full record

ArticleGland surgery2026

The GOLI procedure: goldilocks mastectomy with extended lateral intercostal perforator artery flap-a surgical technique for total breast reconstruction.

Mustafa Khanbhai, Michael Faheem, Shweta Aggarwal

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Gland surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Mustafa KhanbhaiDepartment of Breast Surgery, Whipps Cross Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.
Michael FaheemDepartment of Breast Surgery, Whipps Cross Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.
Shweta AggarwalDepartment of Breast Surgery, Whipps Cross Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Breast cancer treatment may necessitate mastectomy; however, conventional reconstructive options are not suitable for all patients, particularly those with obesity and multiple comorbidities, due to increased risks of complications and prolonged operative times. We describe the GOLI procedure, which combines Goldilocks mastectomy with an extended lateral intercostal artery perforator (LICAP) flap, as a single-stage autologous approach for total breast reconstruction in this high-risk cohort. We demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of this technique in patients who were not candidates for implant-based or free-flap reconstruction. The procedure incorporates Wise-pattern skin reduction with de-epithelialised inferior dermal flaps to provide medial volume, alongside a laterally harvested LICAP flap that is mobilised and rotated to augment lateral breast fullness. This dual-plane volume redistribution enables improved contour, projection, and symmetry relative to patient body habitus. Both patients had uneventful postoperative recovery, with satisfactory cosmetic outcomes and no compromise to oncological safety or delays to adjuvant therapy. No flap loss or fat necrosis was observed. The GOLI procedure offers a reproducible, low-risk reconstructive option that avoids microsurgery while maximising autologous tissue utilisation. It may be particularly valuable in patients with limited reconstructive options and warrants further evaluation in larger, prospective studies.

Indexed as

extended lateral intercostal artery perforator flap (extended LICAP flap)Goldilocks mastectomyOncoplastic breast surgerytotal breast reconstruction

Identifiers

PMID42299273
PMCPMC13264726

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