Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42298733›Full record

ArticleInjury epidemiology2026

Rider dislodgement events in U.S. steeplechase racing: participation outcomes in riders and horses.

Jeffrey S Markowitz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Injury epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Jeffrey S MarkowitzIndependent researcher, Princeton Junction, NJ, USA. jeffmarkowitz@yahoo.com.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7808-6372

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSteeplechase jockeys compete in high-risk races requiring horses and riders to clear fixed obstacles at speed. Although rider dislodgement events are recognized hazards, their incidence and participation consequences are not well characterized.

methodsThis retrospective observational study used publicly available race charts from United States National Steeplechase Association races (2023-2025). Dislodgement events were defined as falls or lost rider events. Incidence rates were calculated per 1,000 starts, and timber and hurdle races were compared using Poisson regression. Rider interruption was defined as ≥ 30 days, with censoring for incomplete follow-up. Horse outcomes were assessed using ≥ 60-day interruption and non-return to jump racing.

resultsAmong 3,072 starts involving 83 riders and 710 horses, 187 dislodgement events occurred (60.9 per 1,000 starts; 95% confidence interval (CI), 52.2 to 69.6). Rates were higher in timber than hurdle races (103.5 vs. 51.8 per 1,000 starts; incidence rate ratio 2.00, 95% CI 1.46-2.73). Of 173 evaluable events, 26 (15.0%) were followed by rider interruption. At the rider level, 19 of 44 riders (43.2%) experienced ≥ 30-day interruption, and 7 of 38 (18.4%) did not return to jump racing. Among horses with dislodgement events in 2023-2024, 26 of 111 (23.4%) had no subsequent jump-racing start through 2025, although some continued racing on the flat.

conclusionsRider dislodgement events were common and more frequent in timber races. Most riders returned quickly, but a subset experienced interruption or non-return. Participation-based measures may complement traditional injury surveillance in jump racing.

Indexed as

Equine safetyFallsInjury surveillanceJump racingLost riderOccupational injuryParticipation outcomesSteeplechase

Identifiers

PMID42298733
PMCPMC13292331

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.