Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42298502›Full record

Trial reportBMC public health2026

Cost-effectiveness evaluation of a radio campaign to improve full vaccination coverage among children under-five in Ethiopia.

Bernard Appiah, Evans Otieku, Lakew Abebe Gebretsadik, Yisalemush Asefa, Martin Kampamba, Abebe Mamo, Collins Annor, Sudhakar Morankar, Kelvin Mwangilwa, Ama Pokuaa Fenny

Registry-linked trialAbstract readClinical TrialMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04913714 (10+10+30 Infant Vaccines Communication Via Radio in Ethiopia), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04913714 nacompletednot on this map

10+10+30 Infant Vaccines Communication Via Radio in Ethiopia

TypeinterventionalSponsorSyracuse UniversityRan2020 to 2021Enrolled1,320ConditionsInfant ALLArms3-month radio intervention on infant vaccination
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Bernard Appiah *Department of Public Health, Research Program on Health Communication and Public Engagement (HCOPE), Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States of America. beappiah@syr.edu.
Evans Otieku *Economics Division, Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research (ISSER), University of Ghana, Accra, Legon, Ghana. otieku@yahoo.com.
Lakew Abebe GebretsadikDepartment of Health, Behaviour & Society, Jimma University, Jimma Town, Ethiopia.
Yisalemush AsefaDepartment of Health Management & Policy, Jimma University, Jimma Town, Ethiopia.
Martin KampambaDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Abebe MamoDepartment of Health, Behaviour & Society, Jimma University, Jimma Town, Ethiopia.
Collins AnnorDepartment of Public Health, Research Program on Health Communication and Public Engagement (HCOPE), Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, United States of America.
Sudhakar MorankarDepartment of Health, Behaviour & Society, Jimma University, Jimma Town, Ethiopia.
Kelvin MwangilwaNational Public Health Institute, Kabulonga, Lusaka, Zambia.
Ama Pokuaa FennyEconomics Division, Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research (ISSER), University of Ghana, Accra, Legon, Ghana.

Funding

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation OPP1191306
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAchieving timely childhood vaccination is a challenge in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A three-month intervention called 10 + 10 + 30 involved 10-minute serial radio drama on vaccination, 10-minute community health worker discussion, and a 30-minute phone-in by listeners was implemented in Jimma Zone, Ethiopia. The goal was to increase childhood vaccination and improve child health outcomes. There is limited evidence of the cost-effectiveness of a radio-only intervention on childhood vaccination in LMICs. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the cost-effectiveness of 10 + 10 + 30 radio campaign.

methodsA scenario modeling design using evidence from a quasi-experimental trial in two districts of Jimma Zone in Ethiopia. The priority populations were all under-five children living in Ethiopia in 2021. The main outcome measures were the proportion of incremental full childhood vaccination coverage, total number of lives saved (mortality avoided), and cost per disability-adjusted life years averted.

resultsFrom an estimated unit campaign cost of about US$0.04 per child, we projected a 134% increase in full vaccination coverage, equivalent to an additional 8 million fully vaccinated under-five children. If implemented at scale, the intervention had the potential to reduce under-five mortality by about 32%, corresponding to 288,000 lives saved and an estimated cost per averted disability-adjusted life year (DALY) of US$78.

conclusionThe study provides evidence to show that a radio vaccination campaign at scale in Ethiopia may have the potential to increase full childhood vaccination coverage, reduce under-five mortality and be cost-effective in terms of averted DALYs.

trial registrationThis trial was retrospectively registered with ClinicalTrial.gov as NCT04913714 on the 4th of June 2021.

Indexed as

Health PromotionImmunization ProgramsRadioVaccination CoverageChild, PreschoolCost-Effectiveness AnalysisEthiopiaFemaleHumansInfantMaleChildhood vaccinationCost-effectivenessRadio campaign

Identifiers

PMID42298502
PMCPMC13613585

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