ArticleBMC microbiology2026
Effects of copper and cadmium stress on resistance genes in farmland soil.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCurrent farmland soils are increasingly affected by contamination from antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and heavy metals, with the evolution of microbial antibiotic resistance potentially influenced by metal stress. The distribution effects of ARGs in farmland soils under cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) combined pollution remain unclear.
resultsCu and Cd exerted significant main effects on bacitracin, fosfomycin, sulfonamide, trimethoprim-β-lactam, polymyxin, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and vancomycin resistance genes. Interactions between Cd/Cu and fosmidomycin, Macrolide-Lincosamide Streptogramin (MLS), multidrug resistance, sulfonamide, and vancomycin abundance are significant. Co-occurrence network analysis identifies Pseudomonadota, Actinobacteriota, and Acidobacteriota as primary potential host groups for ARGs. Structural equation modeling analysis further demonstrates that Cd exhibits more pronounced effects on ARGs abundance compared to Cu. In contrast to some previous studies, bacterial alpha-diversity and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) did not act as primary drivers of ARGs variation, whereas metal resistance genes (MRGs) showed a strong positive association with ARGs abundance.
conclusionIn our study, MGEs did not act as primary drivers of ARGs variation but were positively associated with ARGs abundance through their linkage with MRGs, suggesting that metal exposure may increase the mobility potential of resistance determinants. These findings hold substantial implications for assessing potential ecological risks in soil metal pollution and provide new insights into the co-selection mechanisms between Cd and Cu in shaping ARGs dynamics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.