Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42298314›Full record

ArticleMacromolecular rapid communications2026

Covalently Immobilized Lignin-Xanthene Conjugates for Persistent Surface Photochemistry and Self-Sterilizing Interfaces Under Ambient Visible Light.

Euna Oh, Surjith Kumaran, Sumin Han, Kiseok Lee, Hyerin Shin, Seokmin Oh, Dae-Hong Ko, Hyo-Jick Choi

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Macromolecular rapid communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Euna OhDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Surjith KumaranDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0022-3150
Sumin HanDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Kiseok LeeDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
Hyerin ShinDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
Seokmin OhDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8614-2124
Dae-Hong KoDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5198-0163
Hyo-Jick ChoiDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Funding

CIHR 0478015275Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada NSERC RGPIN 2026-05938 Choi
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Surface-localized photochemical systems that operate under ambient visible light provide an attractive strategy for persistent self-sterilizing interfaces. Here, we report a bio-derived photoactive material platform based on covalently immobilized lignin-Eosin Y conjugates that enable stable, non-leaching generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under low-intensity visible light. Lignin was conjugated with the xanthene dye Eosin Y via benzophenone-3,3',4,4'-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) and further functionalized with methacrylate groups to produce a photoactive macromer (LBDRB). Incorporation of LBDRB into a UV-curable acrylate formulation enabled rapid spray coating and photopolymerization, yielding mechanically robust films on diverse substrates. The resulting surfaces exhibited persistent photoactivity under both indoor lighting and sunlight, achieving efficient inactivation of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as enveloped RNA viruses. Notably, antibacterial activity was maintained for over one month and antiviral activity for up to two months, demonstrating long-term photochemical durability. These results establish lignin-dye macromolecular networks as a scalable, bio-derived platform for ambient-light-driven self-sterilizing surfaces.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsEosine Yellowish-(YS)LightLigninXanthenesGram-Negative BacteriaGram-Positive BacteriaMolecular StructurePhotochemical ProcessesReactive Oxygen SpeciesSurface PropertiesAnti-Bacterial AgentsEosine Yellowish-(YS)LigninReactive Oxygen SpeciesXanthenesantimicrobiallignin‐conjugated eosinphotochemicalROSself‐sanitizingvisible‐light

Identifiers

PMID42298314
PMCPMC13435050

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.