Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42298159›Full record

ArticleAesthetic plastic surgery2026

Aesthetic Surgery Tourism: The Real Cost of Discount Plastic Surgery.

Rijul S Maini, Jamie Hall

Abstract read
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Article in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Rijul S MainiDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, 2799 W Grand Blvd, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA. rmaini1@hfhs.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-1848-5136
Jamie HallDepartment of Plastic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, 2799 W Grand Blvd, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAesthetic surgery tourism has become a popular option for patients due to discounted procedures. This single-center retrospective study recorded outcomes in patients presenting with complications after traveling for aesthetic surgery.

methodsAesthetic surgery tourism patient demographics and outcomes were retrospectively reviewed between January 2021 and December 2024 at Henry Ford Health (HFH). Data were compiled including surgery type, complications, number of emergency room (ER) visits, interventions, admission length of stay (LOS), hospital and physician charges.

resultsFrom 2021 to 2024, 44 patients were seen by the plastic surgery team at HFH for complications following aesthetic surgery tourism. Of all patients, 54.5% had abdominoplasty, 40.9% liposuction, 25% Brazilian butt lift (BBL), 15.9% breast, 2.3% jaw surgery, and 2.3% buttock implant. Complications were infection (52.3%), pulmonary embolism (6.8%), seroma/fluid collection (52.3%), abscess (18.2%), wound dehiscence (20.5%), and foreign body/retained suture/retained drain (6.8%). Average number of ER visits was 1.75. Average admission LOS was 5 days. Patients requiring operating room or bedside intervention were 25% and 61.4%, respectively. Total hospital charges were $1,424,869.38; average per patient was $34,752.91. Total physician charges were $193,773.25; average per patient was $4726.18.

conclusionAesthetic surgery tourism is more affordable for patients short term, but the potential complications can jeopardize patient safety and place an increasing financial burden on our healthcare system. It is crucial to educate patients on the risks of traveling for aesthetic surgery. Potential interventions include education at pre-operative clearance appointments, providing options to consult a US board-certified plastic surgeon before traveling, and increasing domestic regulations. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Indexed as

Medical TourismPlastic Surgery ProceduresPostoperative ComplicationsSurgery, PlasticAdultFemaleHumansLength of StayMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesAesthetic surgeryAesthetic tourismComplicationsMedical tourismPlastic surgerySurgery abroad

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.