Observational studyNature immunology2026
mRNA-based influenza vaccine expands the B cell response breadth in humans.
Observational study in Nature immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Near real-time data on the human neutralizing antibody landscape to influenza virus in summer of 2026 shows antigenic advance of H3N2 subclade K region D mutants and H1N1 D.3.1.1 Sa mutants.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- mRNA-1010 and the Future of Seasonal Influenza Prevention: Towards Next-Generation Respiratory Vaccination.Vaccines · 2026Article
- mRNA-based influenza vaccine expands the B cell response breadth in humans.Nature immunology · 2026Observational
- The Dual Role of Preexisting Immunity in Influenza: Protective Recall Versus Constraint of Novel Responses.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Maternal vaccination timing shapes the composition and maturation of antibody clonotypes transferred to the newborn.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- mRNA-based seasonal influenza vaccines: an overview of immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Identification of a seasonal influenza vaccine-induced broadly protective neuraminidase antibody.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
27 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Conventional influenza virus vaccines induce antibody responses of limited breadth. Whether mRNA-based influenza virus vaccines can induce a superior germinal center (GC) response in humans remains unclear. Here we assessed B cell responses in an observational study of cohorts of healthy young adults receiving a licensed, split-virion or investigative mRNA-based quadrivalent seasonal influenza virus vaccine over two consecutive seasons. mRNA-based vaccines consistently elicited higher antibody titers and frequencies of memory B cells. In the draining lymph nodes, mRNA vaccination stimulated sustained GC reactions that persisted for at least 26 weeks after vaccination in 5 of 13 participants across the two seasons. Proteomic analysis of serum IgG repertoire showed that mRNA vaccination increased the number of vaccine-elicited serum IgG clonotypes and promoted intraclonal expansion within pre-existing clonotypes. B cell lineage analyses further indicated that expanded serum clonotypes map to GC B cell-associated sub-branches, consistent with ongoing GC-driven evolution underlying intraclonal expansion. This repertoire remodeling was accompanied by increased binding breadth against antigenically divergent influenza viruses. These findings reveal a key role for persistent GC responses in broadening the repertoire of vaccine-induced antibodies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.