Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42297953›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are reduced and dysfunctional in acute melioidosis.

Fazle Rabbi Chowdhury, Martha Zewdie, Priyanka Abraham, Srija Moulik, Hadiza Adebowale, Jennifer Hill, Md Robed Amin, Lovely Barai, Md Rokibul Hasan, Ayako Kurioka and 8 more

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Fazle Rabbi ChowdhuryPeter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK.
Martha ZewdiePeter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK.
Priyanka AbrahamPeter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK.
Srija MoulikPeter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK.
Hadiza AdebowalePeter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK.
Jennifer HillPeter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK.
Md Robed AminDepartment of Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Lovely BaraiDepartment of Microbiology, BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Md Rokibul HasanDepartment of Microbiology, BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Ayako KuriokaPeter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK.
Patpong RongkardPeter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK.
Direk LimmathurotsakulMahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Nicholas P J DayMahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Parinya ChamnanCardiometabolic Research Group, Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
Paul KlenermanPeter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK.
Chris B WillbergPeter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK.
Barbara Kronsteiner *Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK. barbara.kronsteiner-dobramysl@ndm.ox.ac.uk.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0867-2867
Susanna J Dunachie *Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK. susie.dunachie@ndm.ox.ac.uk.

Funding

Commonwealth Scholarship Commission BDCS-2015-44National Institute for Health and Care Research NIHR300791Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust WT100174/Z/12/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Burkholderia pseudomallei (BP), the causative agent of melioidosis, is a major cause of sepsis in Southeast Asia, especially in people with diabetes mellitus (DM). The role of Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells; innate-like T cells important for antibacterial immunity; in melioidosis is unknown. We measured MAIT cell activation by BP in vitro using co-culture assays with THP-1 cells, and evaluated MAIT cell frequency, activation, and function ex vivo in an observational cohort (n = 120) of melioidosis patients and endemic controls with and without DM in Thailand. We show that BP induces IFN-γ secretion by MAIT cells in a cytokine dependent manner. In acute melioidosis, circulating MAIT cells, particularly the double-negative (DN) subset, were significantly reduced, and highly activated but dysfunctional, with reduced IFN-γ responses to BP and E. coli which were restored upon recovery. Among acute patients, non-survivors showed lower granzyme B and IFN-γ expression. Acute melioidosis patients with DM co-morbidity exhibited reduced DN MAIT cell frequency and responses to E. coli compared to non-DM patients. Overall, the frequency and function of MAIT cells is impaired during acute melioidosis, especially in patients with DM, indicating a key role for these cells in antibacterial defence and disease susceptibility.

Indexed as

MelioidosisMucosal-Associated Invariant T CellsAcute DiseaseAdultAgedBurkholderia pseudomalleiCoculture TechniquesFemaleGranzymesHumansInterferon-gammaLymphocyte ActivationMaleMiddle AgedThailandGranzymesInterferon-gammaDiabetesMelioidosisMucosal associated invariant T cellsSepsis

Identifiers

PMID42297953
PMCPMC13530224

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.