ArticleVeterinary medicine and science2026
Prevalence and Grade of Patellar Luxation in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels Attending Primary-Care Veterinary Practices in Australia.
Article in Veterinary medicine and science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesTo identify risk factors associated with the prevalence and grade of patellar luxation in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCSs) attending Australian veterinary practices.
methodsPatient records (n = 321,517) were obtained from VetCompass Australia, data were cleaned, and diagnoses of patellar luxation were identified by keyword search. Two risk factor analyses were performed for dogs over 18 months of age: comparing case and control groups and assessing risk factors influencing the grade of patellar luxation within the case group.
resultsThe 10-year prevalence of patellar luxation in this study was 12.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.12-0.13). The greatest risk of patellar luxation diagnosis was in neutered dogs (odds ratio (OR): 3.00; 95% CI, 1.97-4.71) and dogs weighing 11 to < 13 kg (OR: 2.52; 95% CI, 1.49-4.39). Dogs 10 years or older had the lowest risk (OR: 0.44; 95% CI, 0.27-0.69) of patellar luxation of all age groups. Ruby-coloured dogs were most likely to be diagnosed with patellar luxation (OR: 2.04; 95% CI, 1.37-3.04). Dogs in Victoria had the highest prevalence of high grade patellar luxation (OR: 1.68; 95% CI, 1.11-2.53) compared to other states. Dogs with bilateral patellar luxation were more likely to be diagnosed with higher grade patellar luxation compared to those with unilateral patellar luxation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Patellar luxation is a prevalent disorder in CKCS and awareness of this condition is important for early examination of at-risk animals and to avoid breeding from the affected population.
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