Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42295621›Full record

ArticleBrain tumor pathology2026

Rapid immunohistochemistry for intraoperative differentiation between high-grade gliomas and primary central nervous system lymphomas: a multicenter prospective study.

Takahiro Ono, Hiroaki Shimizu, Yuko Hiroshima, Hiroshi Nanjo, Kazutoshi Hida, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Shunsuke Terasaka, Hirokazu Sugino, Zenichi Tanei, Yoshinori Kodama and 7 more

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Article in Brain tumor pathology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Takahiro OnoDepartment of Neurosurgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan. t.ono@med.akita-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9772-5478
Hiroaki ShimizuDepartment of Neurosurgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
Yuko HiroshimaDepartment of Surgical Pathology, Akita University Hospital, 44-2 Hasunuma, Hiroomote, 010-8543, Akita, Japan.
Hiroshi NanjoDepartment of Surgical Pathology, Akita University Hospital, 44-2 Hasunuma, Hiroomote, 010-8543, Akita, Japan.
Kazutoshi HidaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Azabu Neurosurgical Hospital, 1-40 Kita 22, Higashi 1, Higashi-ku, Sapporo, 065-0022, Japan.
Kazuhiro TanakaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
Shunsuke TerasakaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Sapporo Hakuyokai Hospital, 1-25, Hiragishi 1-jo 12-chome, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo, 062-0931, Japan.
Hirokazu SuginoDepartment of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15 W7, Kita- ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
Zenichi TaneiDepartment of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15 W7, Kita- ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
Yoshinori KodamaDepartment of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan.
Tomoo ItohDepartment of Diagnostic Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
Takashi SasayamaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
Kyoko NomuraDepartment of Health, Environmental Science and Public Health, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
Shinya TanakaDepartment of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15 W7, Kita- ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
Kazuhiro ImaiDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
Yoshihiro MinamiyaAkita University, 1-1 Tegata Gakuen-machi, Akita, 010-8502, Japan.
R-IHC Study Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rapid intraoperative differentiation between high-grade gliomas (HGGs) and primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSLs) is critical because surgical strategies and adjuvant therapies differ substantially. We conducted a multicenter prospective observational study to evaluate rapid immunohistochemistry (R-IHC) on frozen sections using alternating current electric field mixing. Forty-eight adults with newly suspected malignant intra-axial brain tumors underwent tumor resection or biopsy with intraoperative frozen section consultation. The prespecified primary endpoint was antibody level concordance between R-IHC and conventional immunohistochemistry on permanent formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. Intraoperative diagnostic performance using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) alone versus HE plus R-IHC was assessed descriptively. Final diagnoses were HGG in 37 patients, PCNSL in 8, and other lesions in 3. For HGG, HE-based intraoperative diagnosis showed 91.9% sensitivity and 90.9% specificity, whereas HE plus R-IHC showed 100% sensitivity in this cohort and unchanged specificity (90.9%). CD20 showed complete concordance between rapid and permanent staining. Ki-67 labeling indices were strongly correlated between the two methods (Spearman r = 0.821). Therefore, R-IHC provides reliable immunostaining results on frozen sections and may serve as a practical adjunct to HE-based intraoperative differentiation between HGGs and PCNSLs in this diagnostic setting.

Indexed as

High-grade gliomaIntraoperative diagnosisMalignant intra-axial brain tumors.Primary central nervous system lymphomaRapid immunohistochemistry

Identifiers

PMID42295621

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.