ReviewOdontology2026
Molecular and omics-related biomarkers associated with bruxism in adults: a systematic review with functional meta-synthesis and exploratory meta-analysis.
Review in Odontology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Bruxism is a heterogeneous jaw-muscle activity with multifactorial neurobiological underpinnings, and adult evidence on molecular and omics-related biomarkers remains fragmented. This systematic review with functional meta-synthesis and exploratory meta-analysis aimed to identify, critically appraise, and synthesize molecular and omics-related biomarkers associated with bruxism in adults. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase were searched from inception to March 2026, without language restrictions. Eligible studies included adult human participants with bruxism and extractable biomarker comparisons. Data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment were performed independently by two reviewers using design-specific tools and complementary criteria for genetic, omics, and genomic causal-inference studies. Narrative synthesis and functional meta-synthesis were the primary analytic approaches; random-effects meta-analysis was performed for comparable salivary cortisol studies. Ten studies were included. Four biological domains were identified: neuroendocrine stress-related signaling, genetic susceptibility or genomic liability, inflammation and peripheral physiological dysregulation, and multi-omics oral-brain communication. Stress-related biomarkers, particularly salivary cortisol, showed the most recurrent signal, although findings were inconsistent. Genetic and genomic studies suggested possible inherited susceptibility, but the evidence was heterogeneous. Exploratory meta-analysis of three salivary cortisol studies suggested higher cortisol levels in adults with bruxism (standardized mean difference = 0.91; 95% Confidence Interval: 0.21 to 1.60), with substantial heterogeneity (I² = 76.4%). Overall, current evidence suggests possible convergence around stress-related endocrine markers, particularly cortisol, in adults with bruxism; however, the evidence remains heterogeneous, methodologically limited, and insufficient to define a reproducible biomarker signature.
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Registered trials
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