Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42295338›Full record

ArticleSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2026

Anatomical characteristics and coordinate-based mapping of neurovascular structures within the ankle flexor retinaculum in Vietnamese cadavers.

Ho Nguyen Anh Tuan, Nguyen Phi Trinh, Nguyen Thanh Van, Le Quang Tuyen

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Article in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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4 authors.

Ho Nguyen Anh TuanPham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, 1 Duong Quang Trung Street, Hoa Hung Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. drtuan.pnt@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2747-8210
Nguyen Phi TrinhUniversity of Health Sciences, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Nguyen Thanh VanSchool of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh City, Vietnam.
Le Quang TuyenPham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, 1 Duong Quang Trung Street, Hoa Hung Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study aimed to characterize the anatomical features of the ankle flexor retinaculum and to provide a coordinate-based anatomical data on tibial nerve and posterior tibial artery branching points in Vietnamese cadaveric specimens.

methodsA descriptive cadaveric study was conducted on 60 lower leg and foot specimens from Vietnamese adult cadavers preserved in formalin. Anatomical measurements were obtained using calibrated electronic calipers. The branching points of the tibial nerve and posterior tibial artery were mapped using an O-xy Cartesian coordinate system, with the medial malleolus serving as the reference landmark.

resultsThe mean length of the medial malleolus-calcaneus axis was 66.3 ± 6.8 mm. Branching within the flexor retinaculum was observed in 76.7% of specimens for the tibial nerve and 100% for the posterior tibial artery. The mean coordinates of tibial nerve branching points were (26.8 ± 8.5; 16.4 ± 11.9), while those of the posterior tibial artery were (36.8 ± 6.1; -2.6 ± 8.6). Significant sex differences were identified in most anatomical measurements (p < 0.05). A branching-dense region was observed approximately 25-40 mm distal to the medial malleolus.

conclusionThis study provides coordinate-based anatomical data on neurovascular branching within the ankle flexor retinaculum in Vietnamese cadaveric specimens. The findings offer supplementary anatomical references for procedures around the medial ankle and should be interpreted together with individual anatomical variation and image-guided assessment when available.

Indexed as

Ankle JointTibial ArteriesTibial NerveAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAnatomic LandmarksCadaverFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedVietnamCalcaneusNerve branchingTarsal tunnel syndromeTibial arteriesTibial nerve

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.