Beyond contextual smoking norms: The importance of family-level nicotine use risk factors among rural and nonrural youth living in Arkansas.

Ashley H Clawson, Jeff Thostenson, Alison H Oliveto, Mary J Bollinger

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ashley H ClawsonAssistant Professor, Center for the Study of Tobacco, Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR, USA.

Jeff ThostensonBiostatistician, Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR, USA.

Alison H OlivetoProfessor, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Addiction Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR, USA.

Mary J BollingerAssistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Center for Health Services Research, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study identified the associations between home-based nicotine use risk factors (sibling nicotine use; permissive home/car smoking rules; and parental approval of youth nicotine use) and nicotine use among youth in Arkansas, a rural state overburdened by tobacco, after accounting for county-level adult smoking rates. Methods: Data were from the 2021 Arkansas Prevention Needs Assessment, a state-wide, school-based survey ( Results: In the full and nonrural models, higher county-level adult smoking rates were associated with youth nicotine use. In all models, after adjusting for county-level adult smoking, youth with permissive smoke-free home/car rules, perceived parental approval of child nicotine use, and sibling nicotine use were more likely to report lifetime and past-month nicotine use. Conclusions: Addressing home-based nicotine use risk factors may reduce nicotine use among rural and nonrural youth, regardless of the prevalence of adult smoking in their communities. Multi-level interventions are needed to reduce youth exposure to smoking in their communities and home-based nicotine use risk factors.

Indexed as

AdolescentChildNicotineParentRisk factorsRuralSibling

Identifiers

PMID42294130

DOI10.1016/j.pmedr.2026.103520

PMCPMC13254576

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.