ArticleTobacco induced diseases2026
The contributions of active and passive smoking to COPD-related mortality and DALYs in the context of COVID-19: Global Burden 2019-2021.
Article in Tobacco induced diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
introductionChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major global health issue with high morbidity and mortality. While assessing the overall burden of COPD, it is essential to further quantify the contributions of active and passive smoking to COPD-related mortality and DALYs.
methodsBy utilizing COPD data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease study, we analyzed the age-standardized incidence (ASIR), prevalence (ASPR), mortality (ASMR) and disability-adjusted life years (ASDR) rates (per 100000), and the risk factors associated with mortality due to COPD. Additionally, we calculated the estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) during the study period.
resultsIn 2021, global COPD incidence, prevalence, deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), increased compared to those in 2019, reaching 16.9 million (95% UI: 15.5-18.3 million), 213 million (95% UI: 195.0-234.0 million), 3.7 million (95% UI: 3.3-4.1), and 79.8 million (95% UI: 74.0-86.0), respectively. The ASPR, ASMR and ASDR declined to 2512.9 (95% UI: 2293.9-2748.5), 45.2 (95% UI: 40.6-49.7), and 940.7 (95% UI: 871.5-1014.6), respectively, while the ASIR slightly increased compared to 2019. In 2021, tobacco use caused 1510389 deaths and 31613440 DALYS from COPD worldwide (ASMR: 18; ASDR: 370). Smoking accounted for 1334961 COPD deaths and 27794778 COPD DALYs (ASMR: 16; ASDR: 326), while secondhand smoke exposure resulted in 266125 COPD deaths and 5662905 COPD DALYs (ASMR: 3; ASDR: 67).
conclusionsCOPD remains a global challenge. The outbreak of COVID-19 does not appear to have altered the trend of COPD disease burden changes but continued monitoring and adaptive management are essential. Meanwhile, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, smoking and tobacco exposure remain important risk factors contributing to the burden of COPD, underscoring the urgent need for heightened attention from the public and relevant authorities.
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