ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Gender and age disparities in attitude and preferences of probiotic and prebiotic-rich foods and supplements among adults in Saudi Arabia.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: In recent decades, probiotic and prebiotic-rich foods and supplements have gained considerable attention for their health benefits, particularly the promotion of gut health. Despite the widespread publicity around these benefits, there is a lack of recognition of the effects of gender and age on attitudes and preferences regarding the intake of these foods and supplements. Therefore, this study aimed to assess gender and age differences in attitudes and preferences concerning probiotic and prebiotic-rich foods and supplements among adults in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between May and July 2023 among adults aged ≥18 years recruited from different regions of Saudi Arabia. An online valid questionnaire was used to assess attitudes and preferences regarding probiotic and prebiotic-rich foods and supplements. Results: A total of 915 participants completed the survey. Probiotics and prebiotics ever users, and never users accounted for 62, and 38% of the participants, respectively. Among the ever users, the main reason for using probiotics and prebiotics was gastrointestinal problems (57%). Females were more likely than males to prefer online or international pharmacies as sources of probiotics and prebiotics (24% vs. 12%, Discussion/conclusion: Gender and age play a role in adults' attitudes and preferences concerning probiotic and prebiotic-rich foods and supplements, particularly in terms of preferred sources as well as the forms and duration of consumption. Further studies are required to examine more determinants of probiotic and prebiotic intake.
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