ArticleGeneral psychiatry2026
Depression meets obesity: Co-occurrence patterns, temporal trends and socioeconomic correlates across 199 countries and territories.
Article in General psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Depression and obesity are major global health burdens, yet the co-occurrence patterns and temporal trends of their comorbidity remain poorly characterised at the global level. Aims: To map the global patterns of co-occurring depression and obesity, quantify temporal trends of depression, obesity and comorbidity, forecast the prevalence of comorbidity up to 2035 and compare social indicators across groups stratified by their combined temporal trends of depression and obesity. Methods: Data were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023, the NCD Risk Factor Collaboration and the World Bank Open Data repository. Countries and territories ( Results: For the four co-occurrence patterns, the consistently-low-prevalence group was primarily concentrated in Asia, the consistently-high-prevalence group in the Americas, the depression-dominant group in Africa and the obesity-dominant group in the Americas and Oceania. Concerning temporal trends, the prevalence of depression-obesity comorbidity increased globally (median AAPC: 4.66%; interquartile range [IQR]: 3.49%-6.30%). Notably, countries and territories in East Asia, Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa had higher comorbidity AAPCs despite their low current prevalence. Temporal trends were categorised into four patterns: 44 (22.11%) countries and territories were classified into the double-fast-growing group (Southeast Asia, sub-Saharan Africa), 56 (28.14%) into the depression-driven-growing group (West Asia, North Africa, North America, Oceania), 56 (28.14%) into the obesity-driven-growing group (East Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean) and the remaining 43 (21.61%) into the double-slow-growing group (Europe, Australia and New Zealand). Predictive analysis indicated the median prevalence of depression-obesity comorbidity may increase to 833.32 (IQR: 532.07-1367.42) per 100 000 in 2030 and 869.35 (IQR: 544.11-1403.71) per 100 000 in 2035. Compared with the double-slow-growing group, the obesity-driven and double-fast-growing groups showed poorer socioeconomic status and healthcare resources; the depression-driven-growing group showed poorer healthcare resources. Conclusions: The prevalence of depression-obesity comorbidity increased globally. Particular attention is warranted for countries and territories with currently low comorbidity prevalence but rapidly increasing trends. Our findings also highlight the need for accessible interventions for countries and territories with poorer socioeconomic status and healthcare resources.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.