ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026
Tea consumption and major adverse cardiovascular events in coronary heart disease: a non-linear dose-response analysis with joint effect modification by lipoprotein(a) and systemic inflammation - a UK Biobank study.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
Background: Tea consumption is inversely associated with cardiovascular risk in general populations, but evidence from patients with established coronary heart disease (CHD) is limited. Whether lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and C-reactive protein (CRP) modify this association has not been examined. Methods: From the UK Biobank, 25,306 participants with established CHD were identified (3,773 MACE events over a mean follow-up of 13.9 years). Cox regression with progressive adjustment was performed on 22,012 participants with complete covariate data. Restricted cubic splines (RCS), causal mediation analysis for Lp(a), and three-way interaction tests (tea × Lp(a) × CRP) were performed. A four-quadrant stratification by Lp(a) (cut-off 50 nmol/L) and CRP (cut-off 3 mg/L) was constructed. Results: RCS analysis identified a non-linear dose-response relationship ( Conclusion: In CHD patients, tea consumption of approximately 3 cups/day is associated with the lowest MACE risk. This association is jointly modified by the Lp(a)-CRP profile, with the greatest benefit in patients whose residual risk is predominantly inflammation-driven.
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