Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42292433›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026

Immunometabolic and immune regulatory functions of capsaicin in cancer: mechanistic insights and emerging perspectives.

Kun Xie, Zhihong Qi, Zhuo Chen, Rui Zhang, Liang Liu, Weini Li, Duoyao Cao, Daxing Xie, Jie Shen

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Kun Xie *Department of GI Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Zhihong Qi *Department of GI Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Zhuo ChenDepartment of GI Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Rui ZhangDepartment of GI Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Liang LiuDepartment of GI Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Weini LiDepartment of Biomedical Science, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Cedars-Sinai Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Duoyao CaoInternational Center for Aging and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Diseases Research and Translation of Ministry of Education, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
Daxing XieDepartment of GI Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Jie ShenDepartment of GI Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Capsaicin, a natural bioactive alkaloid derived from chili peppers, has garnered increasing interest for its broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. Beyond its well-recognized analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic regulatory properties, accumulating evidence underscores its emerging roles in tumor suppression and immune modulation. Recent studies demonstrate that capsaicin profoundly influences the function and metabolism of diverse immune cell populations-including T cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells-thereby enhancing antitumor immunity and immune surveillance. Building upon these findings, recent studies support combinatorial strategies that integrate capsaicin with conventional anticancer therapies to improve chemosensitivity and therapeutic efficacy. This review summarizes the latest advances in understanding how capsaicin regulates immunometabolism and remodels the tumor immune microenvironment, with an emphasis on the molecular mechanisms underlying its antitumor activity and potential implications for future therapeutic development.

Indexed as

CapsaicinNeoplasmsAnimalsHumansTumor MicroenvironmentCapsaicincancer therapycapsaicinimmune cellsimmune metabolismtumor immune microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID42292433
PMCPMC13260593

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.