ArticleAtherosclerosis plus2026
Lipoprotein metabolism and inflammation in healthy young subjects - exploring the postprandial and postabsorptive phases following intake of a standardized meal.
Article in Atherosclerosis plus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Background and aims: Commonly measured cardiometabolic biomarkers have not been systematically characterized across the long-term continuum of the postprandial and postabsorptive phases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate how the exact time since last meal impacts test results for lipoprotein particles and inflammatory biomarkers. Methods: We used data from a trial where 34 normal-weighted males and females aged 20-30 y were included. Subjects fasted 12 h, had blood sampled at baseline, then consumed a standardized, habitual breakfast meal, and had blood sampled 13 more times over the next 24 h. NMR metabolomics was used to quantify lipoprotein subclasses and various biomarkers, and ELISA to analyze VCAM-1, ICAM-1, E-selectin, and IL-6. We characterized the postprandial and postabsorptive responses using visualizations and non-linear mixed effects models. Results: Six VLDL subclasses increased by 11-429% within 2-4 h postprandially before returning to baseline levels, followed by another increase 8-10 h after intake of the breakfast meal. IDL and three LDL subclasses increased around 10-12% over 24 h. Four HDL subclasses showed an inverse association with VLDL subclasses, reaching their lowest levels about 1 h after the meal and peaking after 8-10 h with a 5-15% increase from baseline. Participants had an average increase of 325% in IL-6 10 h after breakfast, while other inflammatory biomarkers showed little change over time. For most biomarkers, males generally exhibited higher baseline concentrations compared to females, however the responses over time remained similar. Conclusions: Baseline levels and time of return to baseline varied between individuals, with some sex-specific differences in responses. TG-rich lipoproteins and VLDL increased postprandially and normalized by 12-24 h, whereas IDL and LDL showed minor early changes but increased by 24 h. IL-6 increased markedly during the first 10 h and returned to baseline by 12-24 h, while other inflammatory markers changed little.
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