Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42292274›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in medicine2026

Medical ozone: mechanisms, biological effects and clinical evidence-a narrative review.

Danuta Lietz-Kijak, Karolina Skibicka, Piotr Skomro, Andrzej Brodkiewicz, Marta Budkowska, Krystiana Kijak, Helena Gronwald, Karina Kijak, Jan Szczegielniak, Katarzyna Bogacz and 4 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Danuta Lietz-KijakDepartment of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Karolina SkibickaBrodkiewicz & Skibicka Medical Center, Szczecin, Poland.
Piotr SkomroDepartment of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Andrzej BrodkiewiczDepartment of Pediatrics, Child Nephrology, Dialysotherapy and Management of Acute Poisoning, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Marta BudkowskaDepartment of Medical Analytics, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Krystiana KijakStudent Scientific Society, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Helena GronwaldDepartment of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Karina KijakStudent Scientific Society, Faculty of Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Jan SzczegielniakDepartment of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland.
Katarzyna BogaczDepartment of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland.
Aleksandra Bitenc-JasiejkoDepartment of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Lidia SzczuckaDepartment of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Adam Andrzej GarstkaDepartment of Propaedeutic, Physical Diagnostics and Dental Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.
Małgorzata WójcikDepartment of Physiotherapy, Poznan University of Physical Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences in Gorzów Wlkp., Poznan, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Medical ozone therapy has been increasingly explored as a potential adjunctive intervention across a range of clinical conditions. This narrative review aims to provide a critical overview of the biological mechanisms, biochemical interactions, and clinical applications of ozone therapy, with particular emphasis on the translational gap between experimental findings and clinical evidence. Ozone exerts its biological effects primarily through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid ozonation products (LOPs), which act as secondary messengers influencing redox balance, immune responses, inflammation, and cellular metabolism. These mechanisms have been extensively characterized

Indexed as

adjunctive treatmentanti-inflammatory therapyantimicrobial effectclinical applicationsmedical ozoneNrf2oxidative stressoxygen–ozone gas mixture

Identifiers

PMID42292274
PMCPMC13253314

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.