Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes of Immune Thrombocytopenia in Pregnancy: A Five-Year Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) during pregnancy presents unique management challenges. This study represents the first analysis of ITP outcomes during pregnancy in Qatar, aiming to assess maternal and neonatal outcomes at a tertiary care center. Methods: A 5-year retrospective study (2018-2022) was conducted at Hamad Medical Corporation, analyzing 81pregnant patients with ITP. Data collection included demographics, hematological parameters, complications, management and treatment responses. Results: Among the total cohort, 21 patients had chronic ITP, 47 had pre-pregnancy ITP, and 34 developed ITP during pregnancy. Median platelet counts were 44 × 10⁹/L at diagnosis, with trimester-specific counts of 36 × 10⁹/L, 44 × 10⁹/L, and 46.5 × 10⁹/L for the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively. Maternal complications were observed in 19.8% of cases, most commonly premature rupture of membranes (4.9%). Neonatal complications affected 12.4% of cases with preterm births (3.8%) and intrauterine growth restriction (3.8%) being the most frequent. The majority (80%) of pregnancies were uncomplicated. Pregnancy-onset ITP was associated with a higher complication rate (28.5%) compared to pre-pregnancy ITP (23.2%). Conclusions: While the majority of pregnancies with ITP are uncomplicated, pregnancy-onset ITP show a higher complication rates compared to pre-pregnancy ITP. These findings provide valuable insights into the management of ITP during pregnancy within the Middle Eastern population.