ReviewAesthetic surgery journal. Open forum2026
Efficacy and Safety of IncobotulinumtoxinA for the Simultaneous Treatment of Upper Facial Lines: A GRADE Assessed Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Review in Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Upper facial lines (UFLs), including glabellar frown lines (GFLs), horizontal forehead lines (HFLs), and lateral canthal lines (LCLs) are prevalent aesthetic concerns addressed with botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A). IncobotulinumtoxinA, a highly purified BoNT-A formulation, is utilized for simultaneous UFLs treatment; yet, comprehensive synthesized evidence is limited. Objectives: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of IncobotulinumtoxinA compared with placebo for the simultaneous treatment of UFLs in adults, following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Methods: Comprehensive searches of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, ICTRP, and ClinicalTrials.gov were performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating IncobotulinumtoxinA for combined UFLs treatment. The primary outcome was ≥1-grade improvement on Day 30. Secondary outcomes included ≥2-grade improvement and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) scores. Safety outcomes included adverse events (AEs), treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), and headaches. Results: Three RCTs (n = 704) were included. Pooled analysis using random-effects model demonstrated a significant ≥1-grade improvement at Day 30 in IncobotulinumtoxinA compared with placebo across all regions: GFLs (RR 21.49, 95% CI: 9.89-46.73), HFLs (RR 19.17, 95% CI: 9.23-39.80), and LCLs (RR 11.68, 95% CI: 7.49-18.20), all Conclusions: IncobotulinumtoxinA demonstrates statistically significant efficacy and a comparable safety profile vs placebo for simultaneous UFLs treatment. These findings support its use in aesthetic practice, warranting further long-term investigation. Level of Evidence 1 Therapeutic: For image description, please refer to the figure legend and surrounding text.
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Registered trials
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