ArticleTranslational lung cancer research2026
CEACAM5 as a biomarker of semi-solid, lepidic lung adenocarcinoma.
Article in Translational lung cancer research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) is a cell adhesion molecule implicated in tumor cell migration, invasion, and resistance to apoptosis. Its role as a circulating biomarker in the form of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is well-established in gastrointestinal malignancies. CEACAM5 is also overexpressed in approximately 25% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly lung adenocarcinoma, yet its role as a biomarker and therapeutic target remains unclear. We previously demonstrated elevated CEACAM5 RNA expression in lepidic adenocarcinomas that appear radiographically as ground-glass opacities (GGOs) and semi-solid lung cancer. In this study, using a separate patient cohort, we assess CEACAM5 protein expression as a potential biomarker in GGO and semi-solid NSCLC. Methods: CEACAM5 immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) certified setting on surgically resected NSCLC. Slides underwent expert thoracic pathologist review and quantification of CEACAM5 expression with standardized H-score. Expression was compared between tumors which were radiographically subsolid, ground-glass, with pathologic lepidic adenocarcinoma (GGO) (n=36) versus solid NSCLC tumors (n=98), and sub-group comparisons were performed based on patient and tumor characteristics. Specimens underwent multiplex immunofluorescence to characterize the immune microenvironment and quantify CD8 Results: Lepidic adenocarcinoma GGOs exhibited higher CEACAM5 expression than solid NSCLC (H-score: 53 Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that CEACAM5 is significantly overexpressed in lepidic adenocarcinoma GGO compared to other forms of solid NSCLC, suggesting its potential utility as a diagnostic biomarker for this subtype of NSCLC. Future studies should explore the clinical utility of CEACAM5-targeted strategies for early detection of invasive lung cancer and lung nodule risk stratification.
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