ArticleTranslational lung cancer research2026
Pathological and molecular characterization of a four-component combined small cell lung carcinoma: a case report.
Article in Translational lung cancer research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Combined small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is a rare entity and characterized by the coexistence of SCLC and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) components. We report the first known case of combined SCLC containing three distinct NSCLC components: squamous cell carcinoma, pleomorphic carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma (AD). Case Description: A 70-year-old man presented with right shoulder pain and underwent right upper lobectomy with en bloc chest wall resection and lymph node dissection. Histopathological examination of the resected specimen revealed four distinct histological components within the primary tumor. Comprehensive immunohistochemistry and molecular analyses, including RNA sequencing, were performed to characterize the tumor. A TP53 mutation was shared across all components, suggesting a common clonal origin, whereas additional genetic alterations were largely component specific. Clonal phylogenetic analysis indicated divergence from a common ancestral clone, supporting a structured multilineage evolutionary process. Transcriptomic profiling demonstrated lineage-associated expression patterns, and tumor microenvironment analysis revealed increased lymphocytic infiltration in the AD and pleomorphic carcinoma components, whereas proliferative signaling pathways were enriched in the SCLC component. Conclusions: These findings highlight pronounced intratumoral molecular and immunological heterogeneity. Although combined SCLC with three NSCLC components is exceedingly rare, this case provides novel insights into lineage diversification and the clonal evolution and biological diversity of combined SCLC. Further accumulation of similar cases with integrated molecular analyses is warranted to improve understanding of this rare subtype and inform future therapeutic strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.