ArticleMolecular therapy. Advances2026
Seroprevalence of anti-AAV neutralizing antibodiesin healthy and retinitis pigmentosa cohorts: A multi-province study in China.
Article in Molecular therapy. Advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Anti-AAV neutralizing antibody (NAb) level s vary widely across regions and serotypes, yet current data on their seroprevalence in the Chinese population remain limited. This multi-provincial observational study recruited 286 adult participants across six Chinese provinces to assess NAbs against six clinically relevant serotypes using transduction inhibition assays. Results showed widespread NAb prevalence in the Chinese population, with anti-AAV2 having the highest median titer (1:1,675) and anti-AAV5 the lowest (1:15). Prevalence patterns aligned with capsid sequence conservation, with higher similarity serotypes showing comparable prevalence. Geographically, southern provinces showed significantly greater seroprevalence of anti-AAV6 and anti-AAV8 NAbs than northern provinces. Healthcare workers performing invasive procedures had higher titers for anti-AAV5 NAb than staff performing non-invasive procedures. Tree-based regression revealed serotype-specific correlates: total cholesterol and HBsAb showed broad statistically positive associations with NAb titers, while ApoA1 was selectively positive and ApoB negative. This work provides real-world reference data for NAb prevalence in China, demonstrating widespread prevalence with particularly high AAV2 titers influenced by geographical and demographic factors. Considering the hepatotropic nature of AAV and the importance of hepatic lipid metabolism, the correlation between NAb titers and lipid profiles (cholesterol and apolipoproteins) points to potential biological mechanisms that merit further study.
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