ArticleFrontiers in veterinary science2026
Seasonal variation in fertility and milk production in dairy cattle under Mediterranean climate.
Article in Frontiers in veterinary science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Heat stress affects fertility and productivity in dairy cattle, yet field studies from the Mediterranean area remain limited. This retrospective, observational cohort study aimed to investigate seasonal variation in: (1) conception and pregnancy rates (at 30 and 60d post-AI, respectively), number of services per conception, submission rate, calving to conception interval, and gestation length; (2) milk production and composition in Holstein Friesian cattle in two Italian farms during three consecutive years. Reproductive data, milk production, and composition were analyzed both monthly and based on three categories: Minimum risk temperature-humidity index (THI) < 56, Low risk (56 < THI < 68), and High risk (THI> 68). High, Low, and Minimum risk conditions occurred for approximately 4 months/year. In heifers that were not exposed to cooling system, the monthly submission rate peaked in May (17.9%) and was the lowest in September (9.4%
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