ArticleBMC microbiology2026
Gut microbiota composition and functional pathways associated with metabolic syndrome in Mexican adult women: cross-sectional analysis.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe gut microbiota (GM) plays a key role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis by regulating energy balance, inflammatory pathways, and hormone metabolism. Its role in metabolic syndrome (MetS) is particularly relevant in postmenopausal women, who experience profound metabolic and endocrine changes that increase their vulnerability to cardiometabolic diseases. In Mexico, MetS affects nearly half of postmenopausal women, yet the mechanisms linking hormonal decline, metabolic alterations, and the GM remain poorly understood. This study evaluated the association between GM composition, functional potential, and MetS severity in Mexican women.
resultsIn postmenopausal women, GM diversity decreases progressively as the number of MetS components increases. Women with MetS showed enrichment of Lactobacillus, Roseburia, and Escherichia/Shigella, and depletion of Akkermansia and Christensenellaceae R-7 group. Functional prediction revealed alterations in amino acid, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism. Pathways related to Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAA) degradation, D-alanine, and histidine metabolism were disrupted. Women with five MetS components exhibited the most pronounced functional shifts, including altered sphingolipid and glutathione metabolism. Serum alanine (ALA) concentrations were higher in women with MetS and increased with MetS severity, suggesting metabolic stress or impaired fatty acid processing.
conclusionThe presence and severity of MetS are associated with GM composition in Mexican postmenopausal women. Findings support the potential of microbiota-based biomarkers and interventions to reduce metabolic risk in this population.
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