Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42289049›Full record

ArticleBriefings in bioinformatics2026

Reflections on the use of LLMs for cell annotation.

Partha Pratim Ray

Abstract readLetter
In one paragraph

Article in Briefings in bioinformatics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Partha Pratim RayDepartment of Computer Applications, Sikkim University, PO Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim 737102, India.ORCID 0000-0003-2306-2792

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This letter comments on the recently published AICellType platform for large language model (LLM)-based cell type annotation in single-cell and spatial transcriptomics. While appreciating the authors' systematic benchmarking and practical contribution, concerns are raised regarding the continued dependence on proprietary commercial LLMs such as Claude 3.5 Sonnet for biomedical annotation. Greater emphasis is suggested on open-source biomedical LLMs, multimodal vision-language models, local deployment, reproducibility, privacy preservation, and regulatory compliance to ensure more transparent, reliable, and sustainable medical annotation systems for translational bioinformatics.

Indexed as

Computational BiologyLarge Language ModelsSingle-Cell AnalysisHumansSoftwareSpatial Transcriptomicsbiomedical large language modelscell type annotationopen-source medical LLMsreproducibilitysingle-cell transcriptomics

Identifiers

PMID42289049
PMCPMC13265052

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.