ArticleThe American journal of case reports2026
Endobronchial Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Smooth Muscle Tumor in Advanced HIV Infection: A Rare Case.
Article in The American journal of case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumor (EBV-SMT) is a rare neoplasm that predominantly occurs in immunocompromised individuals, including patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Endobronchial involvement is exceptionally uncommon and can present significant diagnostic challenges. CASE REPORT A 48-year-old woman with newly diagnosed advanced HIV infection (CD4 count: 2 cells/μL) presented with a 2-year history of progressive dyspnea. Imaging revealed a left endobronchial mass causing complete atelectasis of the left lung, accompanied by bilateral adrenal and hepatic masses. Bronchoscopic resection was performed to relieve airway obstruction. Histopathological examination demonstrated a spindle cell tumor with smooth muscle differentiation, and Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA in situ hybridization confirmed the diagnosis of EBV-SMT. Despite transient clinical improvement following bronchoscopic intervention and initiation of antiretroviral therapy, the patient's course was complicated by recurrent severe infections and rapid clinical deterioration, precluding definitive oncologic treatment. CONCLUSIONS This case highlights the rare presentation of EBV-SMT as an endobronchial lesion in a profoundly immunocompromised patient. EBV-SMT should be considered in the differential diagnosis of endobronchial spindle cell tumors in such settings. Accurate diagnosis requires histopathological evaluation with EBV confirmation. Management remains challenging and often centers on local tumor control and immune reconstitution.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.