Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42288757›Full record

ArticleBMC genomics2026

Telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of Metarhizium acridum provides insights into Metarhizium genome evolution.

Qian Zhao, Xin Sun, Xi Li, Chunmei Yang, Guangjun Wang, Zehua Zhang, Shiqian Feng, Hui Dong, Xiongbing Tu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC genomics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Qian Zhao *College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
Xin Sun *State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
Xi LiState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
Chunmei YangState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
Guangjun WangState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
Zehua ZhangState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
Shiqian FengState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China. fengshiqian@163.com.
Hui DongCollege of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China. biocontrol@163.com.
Xiongbing TuState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China. tuxiongbing@caas.cn.

Funding

earmarked fund for CARS CARS-34National Key R&D Program of China 2022YFD1400500
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Metarhizium acridum is a highly specialized entomopathogenic fungus widely used as a biocontrol agent against locusts. Despite its ecological and agricultural importance, the genomic basis of its host specificity and pathogenicity remains poorly understood. We present the first telomere-to-telomere (T2T) genome assembly of M. acridum, using PacBio HiFi sequencing and Hi-C scaffolding data, for seven chromosomes (45.1 Mb, N50 = 5.9 Mb) with 96.7% BUSCO completeness, which is the most contiguous Metarhizium genome to date. Repeat elements constitute 19.7% of the genome, dominated by long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons (8.6%) while genome annotation revealed 11,623 protein-coding genes, including 716 carbohydrate-active enzymes and 254 effector proteins. Comparative genomics analysis identified 257 genes shared between M. acridum and M. anisopliae, 465 genes shared between M. acridum and M. brunneum. Synteny analysis indicated frequent chromosomal rearrangements between M. acridum and M. brunneum, with fragments from one chromosome of M. acridum distributed to 2-6 chromosomes of M. brunneum. The aegerolysin-domain toxin gene MaAh-1A showed approximately 10-fold upregulation during locust infection. After trypsin-activated of MaAh-1A, an approximately 16% decline of survival rate was observed. Our study provides an ideal reference T2T genome as the foundational resource for exploring genomic resources of biological control and advancing the application of Metarhizium fungi in sustainable pest management.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularGenome, FungalGenomicsMetarhiziumTelomereChromosomes, FungalPhylogenyRetroelementsRetroelementsBiological controlMetarhizium acridumTelomere-to-telomere genome

Identifiers

PMID42288757
PMCPMC13644000

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