Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42288743›Full record

ArticleBMC infectious diseases2026

Determinants of cardiovascular and metabolic noncommunicable diseases among people living with HIV in Rwanda: protocol for the NCOHIRWA prospective cohort study.

Valentine Dushimiyimana, Marc Twagirumukiza, Madeleine Durand, Ntobeko A B Ntusi, Brenda Asiimwe Kateera, Noella Bigirimana, Ladislas Nshimiyimana, Pacifique Ndishimye, Vivianne Niyonkuru Umuhire, Prosper Karame and 11 more

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Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Valentine DushimiyimanaRwanda Biomedical Centre, MOH, Kigali, Rwanda. vavadushime@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6409-9394
Marc Twagirumukiza *Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
Madeleine Durand *Département de Médecine, Université de Montreal and Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Ntobeko A B NtusiDepartment of Medicine, University Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Brenda Asiimwe KateeraCollege of Medicine and Public Health, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
Noella BigirimanaRwanda Biomedical Centre, MOH, Kigali, Rwanda.
Ladislas NshimiyimanaRwanda Biomedical Centre, MOH, Kigali, Rwanda.
Pacifique NdishimyeAfrican Institute of Mathematical Science Rwanda, Epidemic Response Laboratory, Research and Innovation Centre, Kigali, Rwanda.
Vivianne Niyonkuru UmuhireRwanda Biomedical Centre, MOH, Kigali, Rwanda.
Prosper KarameDepartment of Research and Development, Active Life Lab, South Eastern Finland University of Applied Sciences, Mikkli, Finland.
Valens NdagijimanaRwanda Biomedical Centre, MOH, Kigali, Rwanda.
Joseph MucumbitsiDepartment of Management, Rwanda NCDs Alliance, Kigali, Rwanda.
Alfred DusabimanaGlobal Health Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Cecile IngabireCollege of Medicine and Public Health, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
Yvonne Delphine Nsaba UweraCollege of Medicine and Public Health, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
K M Monirul IslamDepartment of Biostatistics, Data Science & Epidemiology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Celestin HategekaDepartment of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
Sabin NsanzimanaRwanda Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda.
Ernst Rietzschel *Depertement of Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
Steven Callens *Depertement of Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
NCOHIRWA Cohort Study Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNoncommunicable diseases (NCDs), particularly cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), hypertension and diabetes, are major contributors to morbidity and mortality globally and in Rwanda, where the dual burden of HIV and NCDs is increasing. Evidence remains limited on how biological, behavioural, social, environmental and health-system determinants influence cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Rwanda. The NCOHIRWA cohort was established to prospectively investigate determinants associated with CVDs, hypertension, diabetes and related NCD outcomes among PLHIV, newly diagnosed PLHIV and people without HIV (PWoH). This manuscript presents the protocol for the NCOHIRWA cohort study.

methodsThe NCOHIRWA study is a prospective cohort with a mixed-methods implemented across 12 health facilities providing HIV and NCD services in Rwanda. Adults aged ≥ 18 years, including PLHIV, newly diagnosed PLHIV and PWoH were enrolled beginning in March 2021 and will be followed longitudinally for 10 years. Baseline and follow-up data capture sociodemographic characteristics, behavioural, psychosocial, family history of NCDs, environmental and health-system factors, and clinical, anthropometric and laboratory measures relevant to cardiovascular and metabolic health.

resultsA total of 1,546 participants with complete baseline data were included, comprising 1,234 (79.8%) PLHIV and 312 (20.2%) PWoH. The median age was 44 years (range: 18-81) among PLHIV and 42 years (range: 18-75) among PWoH. Women represented 785 (63.6%) PLHIV and 197 (63.1%) PWoH. Baseline determinants relevant to future NCD outcome analyses included overweight [256 (21.0%) PLHIV versus 75 (24.4%) PWoH], obesity [118 (9.7%) versus 39 (12.6%)], ever smoking [260 (21.1%) versus 55 (17.7%)], family history of hypertension [219 (17.8%) versus 84 (26.9%)] and elevated fasting blood glucose [37 (3.0%) versus 28 (9.1%)]. These baseline characteristics define the cohort profile and provide the foundation for longitudinal analyses of incident cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes. DISCUSSION: This protocol describes the design and baseline profile of the NCOHIRWA cohort study. The cohort is positioned to generate longitudinal evidence on determinants of cardiovascular and metabolic NCDs among PLHIV in Rwanda. As follow-up accrues,the study will support estimation of incident outcomes, identification of risk pathways and development of context-appropriate strategies for integrated HIV and NCD prevention and care. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesHIV InfectionsMetabolic DiseasesNoncommunicable DiseasesAdolescentAdultDiabetes MellitusFemaleHumansHypertensionMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsRwandaYoung AdultCardiovascular diseasesCohort studyDeterminants of healthDiabetesHIVHypertensionNoncommunicable diseasesProspective cohortRisk factorsRwanda

Identifiers

PMID42288743
PMCPMC13492026

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