Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42288327›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of ophthalmology2026

Application of a Quantitative Vascular Severity Score in Retinopathy of Prematurity in the United States and India: New Insights Into Disease Epidemiology and Pathophysiology.

J Peter Campbell, Sameera Nayak, Susan Ostmo, Aaron S Coyner, Praveer Singh, Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer, Parag Shah, Rv Paul Chan, Michael F Chiang

Abstract readMulticenter StudyComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

J Peter CampbellFrom the Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA (J.P.C., S.N., S.O., A.S.C.). Electronic address: campbelp@ohsu.edu.
Sameera NayakFrom the Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA (J.P.C., S.N., S.O., A.S.C.); Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, LV Prasad Eye Institute, India (S.N.).
Susan OstmoFrom the Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA (J.P.C., S.N., S.O., A.S.C.).
Aaron S CoynerFrom the Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA (J.P.C., S.N., S.O., A.S.C.).
Praveer SinghDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA (P.S., J.K.-C.).
Jayashree Kalpathy-CramerDepartment of Ophthalmology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA (P.S., J.K.-C.).
Parag ShahAravind Eye Care System, Department of Pediatric Retina, Coimbatore, India (P.S.).
Rv Paul ChanIllinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA (R.P.C.).
Michael F ChiangNational Library of Medicine and National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA (M.F.C.).

Funding

Proteomics CoreP30EY010572 · NEI · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI Kate E Keller · 1995 to 2026
$19.4M
Clinical and Genetic Analysis of Retinopathy of PrematurityR01EY019474 · NEI · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI CAMPBELL, JOHN PETER · 2010 to 2020
$7.0M
Artificial Intelligence Assisted Panoramic Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography for Retinopathy of PrematurityR01HD107494 · NICHD · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI John Peter Campbell, Yifan Jian · 2021 to 2026
$2.4M
Validation of artificial intelligence (AI) based software as medical device (SaMD) for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)R44EY035596 · NEI · SILOAM VISION, INC. · PI CAMPBELL, JOHN PETER, JONAS, KARYN · 2023 to 2024
$2.0M
Clinical and genetic analysis of retinopathy of prematurityR01HD107493 · NICHD · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI CAMPBELL, JOHN PETER · 2021 to 2023
$1.8M
Artificial intelligence assisted panoramic Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography for Retinopathy of PrematurityR01EY031331 · NEI · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI CAMPBELL, JOHN PETER, JIAN, YIFAN · 2020 to 2020
$342k
NEI NIH HHS P30 EY010572NEI NIH HHS R01 EY019474NEI NIH HHS R01 EY031331NEI NIH HHS R44 EY035596NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD107493NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD107494
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo compare the epidemiology and phenotypic characteristics of 2 populations of patients with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) using a quantitative artificial intelligence (AI)-derived vascular severity score (VSS).

methodsWe retrospectively analyzed 2 data sets of ROP images: (1) The iROP data set including 1019 babies and 6552 eye-level examinations developed as part of a large US multicenter cohort study from 2012 to 2020. (2) 8281 consecutive ROP telemedicine examinations from 2363 babies in the Indian Aravind Eye Care System (AECS), from 2019 to 2020. We analyzed all eye examinations using the iROP DL system, which outputs a VSS from 1 to 9. The main outcome was the relationship between the VSS and the zone, stage, and extent of stage 3 in each data set, assessed using generalized estimating equations to account for the correlation from bilateral and repeated examinations.

resultsIn both data sets, higher VSS was associated with higher stage (P < .001 for all stages in both data sets), higher extent of stage 3 (i-ROP, P =.004, and AECS, P < .001), and a more posterior zone for a given stage of ROP (i-ROP: stage 1, P = .04, stage 2, P < .001, and stage 3, P < .001; AECS: stage 1, P < .001, and stage 3, P < .001). For any given stage, the VSS was lower in the AECS data set than in the i-ROP data set (all P < .001).

conclusionsIn both populations, the VSS was associated with more posterior zone and higher ROP stage/extent, though on average the VSS was lower in the AECS population. A correlation between measured VSS and intraocular vascular endothelial growth factor concentration might explain both findings.

Indexed as

Retinal VesselsRetinopathy of PrematurityFemaleGestational AgeHumansIndiaInfant, NewbornMaleRetrospective StudiesSeverity of Illness IndexUnited States

Identifiers

PMID42288327
PMCPMC13377564

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