ArticleBeijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences2026
[A population-based survey of myopia on primary school students in an administrative district, 2019 to 2024].
Article in Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo describe the myopia prevalence and spherical equivalent among primary school students in a district of Anhui Province in 2019, to analyze their changes in 2020 and 2024, to obtain baseline data, and to explore the potential impact of changes in screen time on vision, providing scientific evidence for myopia prevention and control strategies.
methodsThis cross-sectional study included all the primary school students who underwent vision screening in 2019 (baseline period), 2020 (period of increased screen time), and 2024 (period of slightly resumed screen time). Data on grade, gender, uncorrected distance visual acuity, and refraction were extracted from the screening database. Noncycloplegic refraction was assessed using an FKR-710 autorefractor to measure sphere and cylinder, and uncorrected distance visual acuity was assessed using an K238-AZ LCD visual acuity chart. The spherical equivalent was calculated as sphere + 0.5 × cylinder. Myopia was defined as uncorrected distance visual acuity < 5.0 in either eye with a corresponding spherical equivalent ≤ -0.50 D. Myopia prevalence and spherical equivalent were described using percentage and mean with 95%confidence interval (
resultsA total of 183 204 students were screened: 45 294 in 2019, 52 922 in 2020, and 84 988 in 2024. In 2019, the myopia prevalence was 30.8%(95%
conclusionThe myopia prevalence among primary school students in the study area was 30.8%in 2019, higher than the global level and approximately twice that of the United States and four times that of Germany, indicating that myopia prevention and control among primary school students remains challenging. The myopia prevalence in 2020 and 2024 was higher than in 2019, suggesting that lifestyle changes, such as increased screen time, affect the short-term visual status. Younger students experienced the greatest increase in myopia prevalence in 2020 and the mildest subsequent increased in 2024, and their spherical equivalent in 2024 had almost recovered to the 2019 level, but not for older students. These findings indicate greater ocular plasticity in younger students, i.e. more sensitive to negative exposures and easier to recover after removing such exposures, warranting further investigation on the underlying mechanisms. Additionally, patterns of higher myopia prevalence in girls than in boys and a gradual increase with grade support previous studies, also enhancing the reliability of the relevant results in our study.
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