Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42286173›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Integrated experimental and machine learning investigation of green-synthesized ZnO nanoparticle-dispersed neem biodiesel: effects on diesel engine performance, combustion, and emissions.

M Srinivasarao, S Chiranjeeva Rao, Pullagura Rajendra Babu, Avula Venkata Ramana, Janaki Durga Venkatesh, S M Dasharath, Debabrata Barik, Milon Selvam Dennison, D Shanmugapriya, Lalitha Gnanasekaran

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

M SrinivasaraoDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Nadimpalli Satyanarayana Raju Institute of Technology (A), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
S Chiranjeeva RaoDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, India.
Pullagura Rajendra BabuDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Sasi Institute of Technology & Engineering, Tadepalligudem, 534101, India.
Avula Venkata RamanaDepartment of Petroleum Engineering, Godavari Global University, Rajamahendravaram, 533296, India.
Janaki Durga VenkateshDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Aditya University, Surampalem, 533437, India.
S M DasharathSchool of Mechanical Engineering, REVA University, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560064, India.
Debabrata BarikDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, 641021, India. debabrata93@gmail.com.
Milon Selvam DennisonDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Kampala International University, Western Campus, Ishaka-Bushenyi, 20000, Uganda. milon.selvam@kiu.ac.ug.
D ShanmugapriyaVicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad de La Serena, Código, La Serena, 1700000, Chile.
Lalitha GnanasekaranInternational Center of Nanotechnology and Functional Materials, Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, 1000000, Arica, Chile.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study explores the performance, combustion, and emission parameters of a neem biodiesel enhanced with zinc oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized through a green method in a compression ignition (CI) engine. Neem oil was transesterified to produce biodiesel, while ZnO NPs were synthesized using neem leaf extract and dispersed at concentrations of 50 ppm and 100 ppm, denoted as NB25Zn50 and NB25Zn100, respectively. The outcomes showed that the addition of ZnO NPs significantly enhanced combustion efficiency, resulting in Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) increases of 1.51% for NB25Zn50 and 3.64% for NB25Zn100, along with Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) decreases of 2.54% and 5.28%, respectively. Combustion analysis revealed a higher peak cylinder pressure (CP), increased Heat Release Rate (HRR), and quicker Mass Fraction Burning (MFB) progression for fuels blended with NPs, indicating a shorter Ignition Delay (ID) and more complete combustion. Emission analysis showed considerable reductions in Carbon monoxide (CO), Hydrocarbons (HC), and smoke opacity, whereas the optimal ZnO concentration (100 ppm) effectively controlled Nitrogen Oxides (NO

Indexed as

Diesel engineExtreme gradient boostingGreen ZnO nanoparticlesK-nearest neighborNeem biodieselRandom forestSupport vector machine

Identifiers

PMID42286173
PMCPMC13507260

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